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Evaluation & the Health Professions, Vol. 28, No. 2, 122-141 (2005)
DOI: 10.1177/0163278705275334

Defining Higher Order Dimensions of Self-Reported Health

Further Evidence for a Two-Dimensional Structure

David Cella

Evanston Northwestern Healthcare and Northwestern University, d-cella{at}northwestern.edu

Chih-Hung Chang

Evanston Northwestern Healthcare and Northwestern University

Benjamin D. Wright

University of Chicago

Jamie H. Von Roenn

Northwestern University Medical School

Roland T. Skeel

Medical College of Ohio

We illustrate a method for understanding the extent to which a pool of fairly diverse health status questions can be examined for their dimensionality, by first fitting the data to a unidimensional measurement model, then examining item fit and residual factor analysis to determine the pattern of deviations from unidimensionality. We simultaneously administered five questionnaires to 1,714 people with cancer and HIV disease and combined all responses into one analysis. Item responses were cocalibrated onto one presumed underlying construct, often referred to as health-related quality of life (HRQOL). To identify significant, higher order substructures in the data, we then conducted a factor analysis of the data residuals, revealing two definable higher order dimensions: physical well-being and mental well-being. These results agree with other research and provide direction for further studies defining these dimensions within an item response theory (IRT) tradition.

Key Words: quality of life • measurement • factor analysis • health dimensions


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