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Evaluation & the Health Professions, Vol. 27, No. 3, 252-264 (2004)
DOI: 10.1177/0163278704267041
© 2004 SAGE Publications

Economic Diversity in Medical Education

The Relationship between Students’ Family Income and Academic Performance, Career Choice, and Student Debt

Raelynn Cooter

James B. Erdmann

Joseph S. Gonnella

Clara A. Callahan

Mohammadreza Hojat

Jefferson Medical College

Gang Xu

College of International Education of Anhui University

Providing access to higher education across all income groups is a national priority. This analysis assessed the performance, career choice, and educational indebtedness of medical college students whose educational pursuits were assisted by the provision of financial support. The study looked at designated outcomes (academic performance, specialty choice, accumulated debt) in relation to the independent variable, family (parental) income, of 1,464 students who graduated from Jefferson Medical College between 1992 and 2002. Students were classified into groups of high, moderate, and low income based on their parental income. During the basic science years, the high-income group performed better; however, in the clinical years, performance measures were similar. Those in the high-income group tended to pursue surgery, while those in the low-income group preferred family medicine. The mean of accumulated educational debt was significantly higher for the low-income group. The study provides support for maintaining economic diversity in medical education.

Key Words: family income • academic performance • medical education


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