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Evaluation & the Health Professions
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Conducting Meta-Analyses of HIV Prevention Literatures from a Theory-Testing Perspective

Kerry L. Marsh

Blair T. Johnson

University of Connecticut

Michael P. Carey

Syracuse University

Using illustrations from HIV prevention research, the current article advocates approaching meta-analysis as a theory-testing scientific method rather than as merely a set of rules for quantitative analysis. Like other scientific methods, meta-analysis has central concerns with internal, external, and construct validity. The focus of a meta-analysis should only rarely be merely describing the effects of health promotion, but rather should be on understanding and explaining phenomena and the processes underlying them. The methodological decisions meta-analysts make in conducting reviews should be guided by a consideration of the underlying goals of the review (e.g., simply effect size estimation or, preferably, theory testing). From the advocated perspective that a health behavior meta-analyst should test theory, the authors present a number of issues to be considered during the conduct of meta-analyses.

Evaluation & the Health Professions, Vol. 24, No. 3, 255-276 (2001)
DOI: 10.1177/016327870102400303
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 Arch Pediatr Adolesc MedHome page
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[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]