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Evaluation & the Health Professions
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The Impact of Increasing Intensity of Health Promotion Intervention on Risk Reduction

Leiyu Shi

University of South Carolina

The HealthWise Stepped Intervention Study (1988-1990) at Pacific Gas and Electric was conducted to evaluate how a health promotion program affects behavior change and whether increasing levels of preventive interventions improve health status. The basic intervention components consisted of health risk assessment and health newsletter (Levels 1, 2, 3, and 4). Additional interventions were health resource center and self-care books (Levels 2, 3, and 4), behavioral change workshops and Division Healthwise team (Levels 3 and 4), and case management and environmental policy (Level 4). The study employed a quasiexperimental design with nonequivalent control groups. The overall risk status has significantly improved atallfourinterventionlevels. The comparison across the four intervention levels found that Level 4, combining environmental policy with "high risk" targeting, showed the most impressive performance. Participants in Level 4 consistently showed significantly greater improvement in life-style factors, and their overall risk status also showed the greatest improvement.

Evaluation & the Health Professions, Vol. 15, No. 1, 3-25 (1992)
DOI: 10.1177/016327879201500101
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Leiyu Shi
Health Promotion, Medical Care Use, and Costs in a Sample of Worksite Employees
Eval Rev, October 1, 1993; 17(5): 475 - 487.
[Abstract] [PDF]